São Tomé and Príncipe, a small archipelago in the Gulf of Guinea, is renowned for its lush landscapes, untouched beaches, and rich biodiversity. Yet one of its most precious treasures is cacao, which has shaped the country's history, culture, and economy for over two centuries.A History Steeped in Cacao
Introduced by Portuguese colonizers in the 19th century, cacao found ideal growing conditions in the islands' volcanic soils and equatorial climate. By the early 20th century, São Tomé and Príncipe had become the world’s top cacao producer by area, earning the nickname "the chocolate islands."
The plantations, known as roças, were established across the islands and served not only as agricultural centers but also as social and cultural hubs. These roças became communities where traditions were born, knowledge was passed down, and national identity was forged.Cacao as a Cultural Foundation
Cacao in São Tomé and Príncipe is far more than an agricultural product—it’s a symbol of cultural heritage. The techniques of growing, harvesting, and fermenting cacao have been handed down through generations, forming a living legacy that connects past and present.
Cacao’s presence is also reflected in local music, dance, and festivities. At the “Casa das Artes Criação Ambiente Utopias” (CACAU), located in former cacao train workshops, exhibitions and cultural events celebrate the importance of cacao in Santomean identity.Cacao Tourism: An Authentic Experience
In recent years, São Tomé and Príncipe has focused on sustainable tourism, with cacao playing a central role. Visitors can explore restored roças, join chocolate-making workshops, and taste local products in a uniquely natural setting.
A standout example is Roça Sundy on Príncipe Island, where a chocolate factory now operates on the grounds of a former plantation. Here, tourists can follow the journey from cacao bean to chocolate bar and learn about sustainable farming practices.Sustainability and the Future of Cacao
The cacao industry in São Tomé and Príncipe has faced challenges, including global price fluctuations and sustainability issues. In response, the country has promoted organic cacao farming and established partnerships with international chocolate producers to ensure fair, sustainable practices.
These initiatives aim not only to protect the environment but also to improve living standards for local farmers—ensuring cacao remains a source of pride and prosperity for future generations.Camping Playa Grande: Immersion in the Cacao Heritage
For those seeking an authentic experience, Camping Playa Grande in São Tomé and Príncipe offers a chance to immerse in cacao culture while enjoying the island’s pristine nature. Nestled near historic roças and surrounded by tropical forest, this eco-friendly campsite allows guests to connect with the nation’s history and traditions in a responsible, respectful way.
